줄리아나리앤파트너스

"Surface culture" is related to popular culture or trend, whereas "underlying culture" is imbedded in a country's customary values and historic traditions. I think this notion is related to Trompenaars' (1993) concept of dividing culture according to how we manage time. The “sequential” aspect of culture is related more to the underlying culture, as traditions and values b..

In my view, 'synergy' is another term for 'collectivism' or 'homogeneity' to maximize collective efforts to realize efficiency and productivity. Companies with strong common values and collective goals beyond individualism tend to succeed in global markets as well with a low employment turnover rate and high productivity. Here, we can assume that culture in business is like a ..

Huang (2010) defines all communication to be cultural as it reflects how we learned to speak and give nonverbal messages. He introduces cross cultural negotiation communication methods that go beyond the domestic business environment. I would say first impressions also influence the course of negotiation. An appropriate greeting conveys a cordial business relationshi..

I would say culture has more than a symbolic meaning. In practical terms, cultural differences are often defined and fixated based on cultural stereotypes we all share. In order for a manager to fully understand the cultural aspects of management practices, the first step should be to guard oneself from relying too much on cultural stereotypes. To some extent, we are..

Globalization and Cross Cultural Analysis of Cultures - Jules Lee Comparative analysis of cultures in management studies raises a number of issues as to the validity of uniform cultural definition, measurability of any one culture against any other, and the existence of a number of cultural interactions in business settings. Globalization has opened up the methods by..

Transvergence of culture and global competitiveness Amongst many challenges managers face in a fast globalizing competitive market, the most difficult process would be acculturation of values, business practices and traditions in a culturally sensitive and technologically innovative manner. Cultural aspects have also evolved in shaping management practices in forms o..

Cultural Diversity in a Global Business Context - J. Lee The rise of multinational enterprises has to do with both internal and external factors. Successful MNEs have their own effective management strategy, but their success depends much on external factors including globalization that enabled trading, foreign direct investment, technological transfer to name a few. In the process of expanding..

Total, average and marginal concepts in optimization theory In order to calibrate and predict a firm’s optimal level of profit, the total, average and marginal concepts are used. Salvatore says this relationship reflects the firm’s dealing with revenue, product, cost, or profit which is key components analyzing its benefits and expected values (2006, p. 43). A conceptual question then arise..

The theory of the firm vs. Short-term profit maximization According to a microeconomic concept of firms, firms exist and make economic decisions mainly to maximize profits. It is the interaction between businesses that determine pricing, supply and demand which eventually lead the firms to allocate resources efficiently for profit maximization. The theory of the firm reflects the behavior of co..